An lead=yes is a story-based romance video game targeted towards women with a female protagonist as the player character. Generally one of the goals, besides the main story goal, is to develop a romantic relationship between the female main player character and one of the secondary lead characters, who are usually male.
History
The first
otome game is generally acknowledged to be
Angelique, released in 1994 by
Koei in Japan for the Super Famicom, and created by
Ruby Party, an all-woman development team division of Koei.
The game was originally designed for pre-teen and younger teenage girls, but became unexpectedly popular with older teenagers and women in their 20s.
In 2021, the series continues with
Angelique Luminarise, in which the protagonist is a 25-year-old office worker.
is credited with "setting up the specifics and conventions of women's games: a focus on romance, easy controls and utilizing other multimedia."
In 1997 the second
otome game,
Albaria no Otome was released by Gimmick House and Magical Craft for PC-FX and later for PlayStation. The game has a very similar dynamic to its predecessor
Angelique, with the protagonist Ashanty, a young woman who will have to choose between being the new sacred protector of a kingdom, or falling in love and living happily with one of her knights who will help her during the game.
In 2002,
Konami released its very successful
Tokimeki Memorial Girl's Side, which brought many new fans to the still-new genre.
In 2006,
Famitsu's listings for the Top 20 selling love games included seven
otome games. Early games borrowed heavily from the iconography and story conventions of "retro shoujo manga", "the archetypical girly heroines, the emphasis on pure, sexless, tranquil romance and on a peaceful, stable setting", but as the category expanded, other narrative and gameplay elements were introduced, including action, adventure, combat and plots in which "the heroine can 'save the world' and 'get the guy' at the same time".
The first Japanese otome game to be officially translated and sold in English was the visual novel Yo-Jin-Bo in 2006 for the PC.
In 2024, the otome game Love and Deepspace, published by , was noted for its use of more realistic 3D graphics.
Some publications that regularly cover otome games include B's LOG and Dengeki Girl's Style.
Style
The genre has many style elements in common with
shōjo manga and
josei manga,
and plotwise they are often similar to
harem manga.
Otome games that are released on console and handheld platforms contain no pornographic content, as companies such as Sony and Nintendo do not allow it. There are games released on a PC platform which are rated 18+ for their eroge. Some games were originally released for the PC with pornographic content, and were later toned down and re-released for game consoles.
Other common elements in otome games are the importance of voice acting,
Characteristics
Gameplay
Traditionally, the goal of these games is to have the desired partner fall in love and have a relationship with the player character, but the requirements for gaining a "good end" differ from game to game. While the plots of
otome games differ greatly, there is usually a single female main character, and several good-looking males of varying "types".
Gameplay occasionally does not particularly focus on romance, even if there are several characters whose "routes" can be followed.
In the visual novel examples of the genre, the player proceeds in the story by selecting dialogue or action choices which affect their relationships in a decision tree format. In Simulation game otome games, there is also other gameplay which affects the plot, either by playing minigames or by raising stats. The main character often has several parameters, such as looks, style, intelligence, talent, etc., that can be raised through various activities in normal gameplay. The potential partners usually require a certain parameter or parameters to be at a certain level for them to fall in love with the main character. There is also often a pure dating aspect of gameplay in simulations. This involves asking or being asked on dates by the love interest, doing an activity with them, and responding to their questions or comments. The player has a choice of responses, and a correct answer will raise your standing with that character.
One feature that has become common in otome games is furu boisu, which is to have voice acting throughout the entire game. The love interests are often voiced by well-known voice actors. At certain points, or when the player passes certain requirements, special events can occur, often with a "CG" (computer graphic) as a reward. This CG is a set picture featuring the love interest and sometimes the main character in a pose, and some dialogue.
Most otome games' heroines are not voiced, due to the budget concerns of voicing all their dialogue. However, there are some games featuring fully voiced heroines, such as Norn9 or .
Representation of women
In
otome games, the main female character is generally categorized as either self-insert or non-self-insert.
Self-insert does not have personality and backstory, giving players space to insert themselves into the game. In contrast, the non-self-insert main character has a more vivid personality and detailed story, whose characteristics do not depend on the player for existence.
However, in either case, the main character in most otome games has a fixed image. Usually, the game unfolds from the protagonist's first point of view.
In general, it is difficult to represent the female protagonist in simple terms, because the game character as an avatar of the player is ambiguous and complex, a state where subject and object coexist: they are both the player's "shoes" and admirable icon.
Representation of men
The main men characters who can develop a romantic relationship with vary from game to game. In general, however, the appearances of main male characters who can develop romantic relationships are conventionally handsome and attractive.
Typical male character archetypes in otome games include international tropes like the childhood friend, and anime-specific ones such as the tsundere.
Other media adaptation
Manga
Otome games have strong links with
shōjo manga, with popular titles often spawning a manga series (e.g.
Neo Angelique and
Meine Liebe), and popular
manga series getting adapted to
videogames (such as
Nana). Some examples of simultaneous releases of a manga and
otome game also exist, such as
Angelique and
Full House Kiss. It's also common to find
dōjinshi featuring popular characters from
otome games.
Anime
Some popular games have also been adapted to
anime,
, or series, such as
Angelique,
Diabolik Lovers and
Uta no Prince-sama.
Notable otome games
Notable otome game developers and publishers
See also
Notes
External links
-
B's Log: monthly Japanese-language magazine focusing on female-targeted games (mostly otome and BL)
-
Dengeki Girl's Style : Japanese language magazine about female-targeted games released in even months (mostly otome and BL)
